Haematological parameters and recurrent aphthous stomatitis

To find out the relationship between recurrent aphthous stomatitis [RAS] with deficiencies of haemoglobin, haematocrit, serum vitamin B12, serum Ferritin and red blood cells [RBC] Folate level. An analytical cross-sectional study. Department of Oral Health Sciences, Shaikh Zayed Federal Postgraduate Medical Complex, Lahore, from February to July 2008. Sixty consecutive subjects with active RAS were taken as the aphthous group; 60 age and gender matched subjects without RAS were as the Non-Aphthous group. Five milliliter blood was taken from both groups to evaluate the levels of serum B12, and RBC Folate through radio immuno assay and serum ferritin with enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay tests. Complete blood count was carried out to determine the level of haemoglobin and haematocrit in both groups. Proportion of subjects with lower values was compared using 2 text of proportions with significance at p < 0.05. Serum Ferritin [p = 0.001], haematocrit [p < 0.001], RBC Folate [p < 0.001] and serum B12 [p < 0.001] were significantly lower in the RAS group. Combined deficiency state [haemoglobin, serum Ferritin, haematocrit, RBC Folate and serum B12] was identified in 13% [n = 8] RAS patients. Frequency of haematinic deficiencies was high in RAS patients. Serum B12 and RBC Folate were significantly low in aphthous group

Micro-organisms in recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is an inflammatory disease of oral mucosa with unknown etiology. Many factors contribute in the pathogenesis of aphthae including stress, trauma, foods, allergy, hormonal and microbial factors. It has been observed by Hoover CI [1986] that microorganisms are the causative factor in the pathogenesis of aphthous ulcer. This study was conducted with the aim to observe presence or absence of gram positive and gram negative microorganism in the smears of the lesions compared with the scraping of controls. An Analytical cross-sectional study. It was carried out in Dental Out Patient Department of Shaikh Zayed Federal Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore. For a period of Six months First 60 subjects with active RAS during last six months were recruited for the study. Age and gender matched 60 subjects without ulcer during last six months were selected on the same day as control group. After taking informed consent, smears from RAS patients and scrapings from matched surfaces of the oralmucosa of controls was taken. Gram +ve and Gram -ve cocci and bacilli were the microorganisms frequently found in the smears of RAS subjects and Gram +ve cocci were observed in the scrapings of Controls. Presence of microorganisms in ulcers suggested that there is superimposed bacterial infection in these lesions

Correlation between hematological parameters and recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Recurrent Aphthous Stomatiitis is a painful oral mucosal lesion affecting about 20% of the world's population. On morphological basis RAS lesions can be divided into three main types including minor RAS [MiRAS], major RAS [MjRAS] and herpetiform RAS [HuRAS]. Eighty five percent of all RAS lesions are Minor in nature. Classification based on severity of the lesion includes simple aphthosis and complex aphthosis. The etiology of the lesion is unknown. Many factors contribute in the Pathogenesis of RAS like inflammatory bowel disease, food allergy, stress, hormonal and immunological disturbances. Vitamin B12, Iron and Ferritin deficiencies. Deficiency of Hematological parameters especially Folate and Vit b 12 causes Megaloblastic anemia which is more common in developing countries. Pakistan is a developing country and nutritional anemia is very common in the country. These nutritional deficiencies cause RAS. The aim of this review is therefore to determine the hematological parameters correlated with recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Percentage of inflammatory cells in recurrent aphthous stomatitis in dental out patient department, Sheikh Zayed federal postgraduate medical Institute, Lahore

The objective of the study was to investigate the stages of recurrent aphthous stomatitis through cytological examination of the lesion which helps in diagnosis and treatment strategies. The study was carried out in Sheikh Zayed Federal Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore. It was a Cross sectional Study and was completed within six months. Sixty patients of RAS and 60 controls were recruited to the study. There were 4 subjects having 75% of neutrophils in their smears, while 38 subjects of RAS had 40% of neutrophils and 18 were those who had 50% of these cells in their smear. Forty persent monocytes were present in 46 subjects; remaining 16 subjects had 50% of monocytes in the lesion. Lymphocytes were seen in 40% [53] subjects having the lesions of RAS while only 7 subjects showed the presence of 50% in their lesions. Through cytological examination of the smears of RAS it was concluded that there was increased number of neutrophil cells accumulation in the early [pre-monitory and pre-ulcerative] stages of RAS population

Prevalence of dental caries among 12-year old school children in Quetta, Balochistan

To assess the prevalence of dental caries among 12 years-old school children. Cross sectional study. Quetta tehsil and study was conducted in March 2003. A total of 153 children name were randomly selected from 4 large public schools in both urban and rural areas and children who were absent at the day of clinical examination were excluded. Caries status was assessed by using WHO criteria [1997]. The results of this study showed that a total of 153 schoolchildren in tehsil [sub district] Quetta, Balochistan were examined. Of those children, 78 [51.0%] were boys and 75[49.0%] were girls. The results of this study showed that dental caries in this age group is very high in this area [81.0% with the mean DMFT=1.38]. More than half of them [52.9%] had one carious tooth and about 2.7% has more than four carious teeth. This study showed that boys had 1 .206[95%CI=1.030. 1.413] times more likely to experience dental caries than girls and the lower first molars were mostly affected by caries. High prevalence of caries and the dental prevention covers school children is still inadequate. Fissure sealant program should be launched to prevent caries in this age group. Further information needed for evaluating dental prevention measures and the success with which they have been targeted at high-risk groups in public school dental service in Quetta, Pakistan